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HARRISBURG (Nov. 20, 2025) – Clean energy jobs in Pennsylvania grew more than five times faster than the rest of the state’s economy in 2024, raising the total number of clean energy workers in the state to over 104,000, according to the Clean Jobs Pennsylvania report released today by the national, nonpartisan business group E2, […]
SPRINGFIELD (Oct. 31, 2025) – As of last night, both chambers of the Illinois General Assembly passed the Clean and Reliable Grid Affordability (CRGA) Act, a major milestone for clean energy. The bill now awaits the signature of Governor JB Pritzker, a supporter of the legislation. The energy omnibus is expected to deliver billions of […]
SummaryThe clean energy industry continues to drive job creation in the Midwest, adding 13,000 jobs across the 12-state region last year.
More than 774,000 Midwesterners now work in renewable energy, energy efficiency, electric vehicle manufacturing and other clean energy related fields, an increase of about 2 percent from a year earlier and a 5 percent increase from just five years ago. By comparison, the region’s overall workforce grew by half a percent last year.
The data in this report predates the July 2025 passage of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, which is expected to slow clean energy job growth nationwide. Still, the numbers highlight a workforce that is becoming an increasingly vital part of the Midwest’s economy.
As the demand for energy continues to rise and the financial toll of climate change becomes more visible, the Midwest’s clean energy workers are poised to play an even more critical role in shaping the region’s economic future.
Bright spots for the industry include energy efficiency. Energy efficiency comprises about two-thirds of all the region’s clean energy jobs, and it grew by more than 17,000 jobs — top among all sectors. More than 517,000 Midwesterners manufacture energy-efficient appliances, install efficient lighting, connect heat pumps and other highly efficient HVAC systems, construct buildings using materials like low-carbon concrete, or work in other energy efficiency-related jobs.
Clean vehicles is the second-largest clean energy sector, employing more than 122,000 Midwesterners who work on EVs, hybrid EVs, plug-in hybrids, and hydrogen and fuel-cell vehicles. Last year, the sector lost 5,963 jobs due to a combination of automation, lower-than-expected consumer demand, policy uncertainty, and supply chain restructuring.
Renewable energy jobs topped 97,000 last year, spurred by a 2.2 percent growth in solar jobs. Clean grid and storage jobs grew to more than 29,000, sparked by a 4.5 percent growth in battery storage jobs.
The complete report along with interactive breakdowns for all states is available at this link.
total clean energy jobs
new jobs
faster growth than overall economy
SOUTHERN STATES DRIVE JOB SURGE; 3.46 MILLION AMERICANS WORK IN CLEAN ENERGY
Clean energy companies added almost 150,000 jobs in 2023, growing more than three times faster than overall U.S. employment to 3,460,406 clean energy jobs nationwide. Last year’s jobs spike corresponds with the first full year of historic clean energy investments and incentives under the landmark federal Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). Only the post-pandemic recovery surge of 2021 (152,000 jobs) added more new jobs in a single year.
Every clean energy sector grew at least twice as fast as overall national employment. Clean vehicles saw double-digit growth for the third consecutive year. Energy efficiency continued to lead the clean economy in total jobs. Jobs in manufacturing and other services (including vehicle maintenance and repair) accounted for nearly 60 percent of all new clean energy jobs.
Over the past three years, clean energy jobs increased 14 percent to nearly 3.5 million workers. By comparison, that’s more jobs than there are nurses nationwide. The 149,170 new clean energy jobs created in 2023 accounted for 6.4 percent of all jobs created economywide, and nearly 60 percent of all jobs in the entire energy sector.
This growth sets the stage for the next several years as the industry begins to feel the full impact from historic investments and incentives in the IRA. Three hundred and forty major new clean energy projects have been announced across 40 states and Puerto Rico since the IRA passed. In those announcements, companies have said they are creating more than 109,000 new jobs while investing over $126 billion in private-sector capital.
RENEWABLE GENERATION: Renewable generation sectors added more than 25,000 jobs in 2023, led by solar (+18,400) and wind (+5,700). In all, almost 560,000 Americans now work in renewable generation— a 14 percent increase since 2020.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY: Energy efficiency remains the single-largest employer across the entire energy sector, employing nearly 2.3 million Americans. The sector accounted for half of all new clean energy jobs in 2023, adding nearly 75,000 workers (+3.4%).
STORAGE + GRID MODERNIZATION: The storage and grid modernization sector added over 7,000 jobs (+4.6%) and now supports nearly 160,000 workers—more than there are highway maintenance workers.5 Jobs making power grids more resilient and able to handle more wind and solar generation led the sector, growing 5 percent followed by battery and energy storage (+4.3%). Since 2020, the sector increased employment by 15 percent.
CLEAN VEHICLES: Clean vehicle makers continue to lead all sectors in growth, adding over 40,000 jobs (+11.0%). Electric vehicles (EVs) led the sector, adding over 17,000 jobs (+12.9%), followed closely by hybrid EVs with 15,900 jobs added (+10.5%). Over the past three years, clean vehicle jobs have jumped nearly 60 percent. The sector continued to outgrow the gas- and diesel-powered vehicle industry (+1.5%) and now employs over 410,000 workers.
BIOFUELS: The smallest clean energy sector, biofuels added over 1,200 jobs in 2023. Since 2020, the sector has increased employment by 12 percent to more than
| Total Clean Energy | 3,460,406 |
| Renewable Energy | 559,971 |
| Grid & Storage | 158,423 |
| Energy Efficiency | 2,290,179 |
| Clean Fuels | 41,412 |
| Clean Vehicles | 410,420 |
This is the ninth annual Clean Jobs America report produced by E2 based on analysis of the USEER, which was first released by the DOE in 2016. E2 was an original proponent of the DOE producing the USEER, and was a partner on 2018, 2019, and 2020 reports produced by the Energy Futures Initiative (EFI) and National Association of State Energy Officials (NASEO) after the DOE chose not to produce them in 2017.
If you are looking for additional insight into E2’s Clean Jobs America 2024 or our other clean energy employment reports, visit e2.org/reports.
Clean Jobs America 2023 is the 9th national clean energy jobs report from E2. Previous reports can be accessed in the below links.